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Culture of Ta Oi in the district of Al
Culture of Ta Oi in AL District, Th Thin-Hu province Group Ta-oi ethnic speaks a language in the family Mon-Khmer languages, and is considered one of Vietnam's indigenous groups. The Ta Oi Taoih call themselves, or sometimes as Taoih Uot or Ta, and is called Paco subgroup that may or may Tua Tang, which means "mountain."
According to April 1, 1999 Census of Population and Housing, the Ta-oi have a population of 34,960, representing 0.07% of the national population. Currently, the Ta-oi live in both Vietnam and Laos in the nation where they last Ta oi large population and say Ta-OIH.
Another sub-group of the Ta-Oi is known as Paco (coh Pa), which means "those who live behind mountains. "Judging by the origin of the clan family, marriage and family relations and language, the people who live mainly Ba hello in Huong Hoa district, Quang Tri province, may be regarded as a local sub-group of the Ta-oi. Ta-oi in the town of Nham explain they called themselves as uot Ta, but members of the Kinh ethnic group from the lowland province of Thua Thien-Hue was named as the Ta-oi.
The group uot Your life mainly in the Middle Level mountains and are not distributed in the mountain peaks. In addition to shifting cultivation, they are skillful in the cultivation of cotton and brocade weaving, sewing or fixing glass beads on the costumes, and the manufacture of certain musical instruments (drums, pan flutes, etc.). The Paco live at the foot of the mountains and hills, are aware the cultivation of field slope, bamboo and rattan weaving, but are not adept weaving of the canvas. But they are good traders who make profits by through fabric and clothing exchange, goods smith, beautiful shoulder baskets, honey against other goods of greater value. Ba hello live in the valleys near the low-lying areas and are skilled in business and in wet rice cultivation. Thus, the Ta-oi not take into account various factors topography, environment and economic activities to assess and analyze their own ethnic group and subgroups, and their different characteristics. 2.Main search method Doing research on ethnicity Ta-oi, I used many different methods, but the method primarily participant observation. Because anthropologists have discovered that the best way to learn about another society and culture is to live as an active participant rather than a mere observer. This is called participant observation.
Of many hamlets Ta-oi, I chose as my main research Huor A village, a typical village of Ta-Oi, which still retains many traditional elements of this Ethnic. I approached many people in the area and tried to learn from them about the history of the village, the clan relationship family livelihoods, as well as customs, religious beliefs and compared them with those of neighboring villages. reaseach do, I received help people of Ta Oi-many, especially the elders who are familiar with the cultural traditions of ethnic group. We have repeatedly invited many people to coming home to discuss and clarify issues that I raised, or over which I still have doubts, and to provide more accurate information and accurate.
I still remember very well that these discussions are very animated and involve a number of different perspectives and even conflicting. 3.Contents is the first extensive research on the Taoi will in Vietnam. It is also a good opportunity for me to present my detailed research Taoi on culture in this thesis in the following content: I. An overview of the group of Ta Oi ethnic-1. The group of Ta Oi ethnic 2. Information on the research area II.Village houses and 1. Story of a village Huor 2. Social relations 3. Village common property 4. Rong house community house 5. Longhouse 6. Houses III.Family clan and marriage 1. Family clan, family 2. Form of family and marriage relationship IV.Means subsistence 1. wet rice 2. Slope fields and crops planted and 3. Industrial crops 4. Forest Trees 5. Livestock breedong 6. Craft trades 7. The role of labor in male and female society Ta Oi-8. diet 9. Hunt 10. Exchange of goods in the past and currently 11. Agricultural calendar and the traditional method of counting hours 12. outdoor cultivation of slopes and rites V. 1.Pregnancy life rituals and childbirth 2.Customs 3.customer on marriage on funeral beliefs VI.Religious 1. Supernatural souls and minds 2. water spirit 3. spirit of the family home 4. Spirit of the longhouse 5. Ritual dedicated to the spirit Tiger 6. . Love magic religious beliefs, only a small number of cultural anthropologists have no understanding of belief systems of this ethnic group. Fundamental to the spiritual life is the Ta Oi animism, the belief that natural objects are animated by spirits. This belief can take various forms. Things in nature can all have within them different minds - every rock, tree, and cloud may have its own unique spirit. However, all things in nature can be considered as having the same spirit. Originally animatism and animism may seem the same. In fact, both beliefs are often in the same culture. The difference, however, is that the "power" of animatism has no personality - it is an impersonal "it" rather than "he" or "she" with features like a human. The spirits are supernatural beings with their own recognizable features. a). The hearts and minds Ta-oi follow animism and believe that all things have souls. Mention should first be made on souls. The soul is the chest to the head when a human being is still alive. When the human dies, there is only one soul (Ving available) who walks in the cemetery. If the deceased is not happy with his family, his soul used to disturb and disrupt the lives of human beings in the family concerned. The souls of the dead can return in rituals, as also through various dreams ('m bo) of life. Ta-oi believe that the soul can be integrated in the voice, may create a force that can impact on other things. For example, the soul can return knocking at your door. Ta-oi also think that if any element asset is divided among the deceased, after three days of soul can come back and active demand.
As a precaution against this, Ta-oi used to spread the ashes of firewood in front of their doors, to identify the footprints of the soul. In 2003, Mr. Vo Dau is dead, and his wife, Ka Dau, ashes spread at her door. As she could see his footprints in the ashes, she found that he had returned. Some others say they could hear some sounds that show that the soul is returned, poured water into a cup or took food on the pot. It is not until the third day after death, the deceased become aware of his death. Before that, there was no awareness because he / she was in a state of sleep and dream, or half asleep and half awake. Bad souls are the souls of women who died in childbirth, men who have been devoured by tigers, etc.. They appear in the tombs, crying, or return to the village and tease the living. They can come back and baskets of clothing demand, shoulder, knives, etc.. In such cases, poor families would be cut banana leaves in various forms of clothing symbolizing T, V symbolizing pants and thrust it into the door. Wealthy families fall on 2 pieces of fabric. And all these families say almost the same thing for souls: e gave you, please do not ask for more, please do not disturb us, if Please bless us. The spirits are different from the souls of deceased humans, and there are many types of spirits. The spirit is Brieu brau a kind of mind that the forest can bless humans, but can also cause disease. It may also order tigers, snakes and other wild animals and do harm to humans.
In the past, the Ta-oi held annual rituals dedicated to the spirits: the spirit heaven (Abang), the spirit Earth (Katek), the spirit of the forest (Kaek Krum). The ritual dedicated to the spirit heaven (Abang Giang) occurred once every 10-12 years. In welfare cases, the bumper harvest enjoyed by the village as well as the absence of disease and death, the village must hold a ritual dedicated with thanksgiving KMUK Giang (my ch ng or chung). In the case where the village is hit by floods and other natural disasters, it must hold ritual dedicated to the spirit heavens, the earth spirit, the spirit of Rong house, and the spirit of the house. Rituals dedicated to the spirit Heaven must have 12 types of food, the spirit of the earth 8 types of food at KMUK Giang 5 types of food. These foodstuffs are: buffalo meat, pork, chicken, sausage, grilled meat, Thai Mon, soup, sticky rice. The rice should be put in bowls oak liquor should be served in pots, cups. Sticks of incense to be burnt. b) the water spirit (dak Giang) The Ta-oi people imagine the spirit of the water like a little old man with white hair and white beard.
They also respectfully refer to him as NCLE (AVO). It is believed that the spirit of the water can give people a lot of fish for food, and Ta-oi legend, the spirit of water creates fish in putting grains of rice in a banana leaf and drop into the creek, turning them into fish. It is reported that when they were Laos still Quynh M. Say, Mr. Chay Quynh have seen the spirit of water at water sources. Ta-oi think the spirit of water has a special relationship with pipe water supply to the village: when water is first introduced into the village by lo-o bamboo pipes, no one is allowed to use, the village chief and heads of family clans perform a ritual dedicated to the spirit of water from a faucet by offering begging to make sure the water flow would never dry up and the water would not cause stomach aches for those who drink it. Thereafter, the cock was shot near the house Rong and his blood is buried in the place of water supply.
In this very spot where the pillar is fixed pipe water from the village is beautifully decorated and is reinforced and repaired every year, and a little chicken blood is buried (dak rtang soil). Before using water for the first time, a ritual must be performed by the village chief with a pig and a goat and a chicken as an offering to the water spirit (aul avo dak). Residents of other villages are not allowed to use this water. c) The spirit of the house (an giang teng) In the past, the Ta-oi lived in longhouses where each family had its own room, where he loves his spirit home. In his dream, the householder may see the spirit of the house itself integration in a kilt, a piece of tissue eng or anything else. Thereafter, as he would a soft cloth or reng .. a kang (a shoulder basket made for this purpose) which is placed in a corner of the house, and would slaughter a chicken and make a ritual the arrival of the spirit of the house (a teng Giang) in his house.
Therefore, when the family holds a ritual in a funeral, a wedding, a ritual dedicated to the spirit of the forest or water spirit, the ritual must also be devoted giang at a teng (house spirit). Any violation of the family used to be attributed to the assistance provided by the spirit of the house. The family did not open the ang, where is the spirit of the house, except in the annual celebrations A ja, when each family must open and use the item ang sacred rituals that are within the family and in Rong house. When a ritual place, the head of the family used to put some cooked rice, grains of rice, meat and opposite the ang and offers prayers. d) The spirit of the Longhouse (Danh Giang) The long house where many families lived has its own spirit (Danh Giang) who remained in the room reserved for visitors / guests, where a small house hung under the roof is free from Giang Danh. In case of illness or goes wrong in the family, the family used to hold a ritual dedicated to a teng Giang (house spirit) and a subsequent Another ritual dedicated to Danh Giang.
While participating in rituals or celebrations of the village, the chief of the longhouse must also perform a ritual dedicated to Danh Giang. As a family household in the longhouse eating goat, buffalo or cow meat, it must keep informed Danh Giang a ritual. g) Tiger Spirit (AVO Giang) of all the beasts of the forest, the tigers for Ta-oi as the animal most powerful as a spirit protector of the village. They consider that the capture of a tiger as a gift of the spirit of the forest. The capture of a tiger is preceded by a number of accessories dreams: for such a dream, a villager puts up a big trap (ti ho), the trap owner sees in his dream a Tiger (VO bok) which expresses the desire to stay in the village. When a tiger fell into the trap, the hunter and the people must hold a ritual dedicated the spirit of the forest, involving offerings such as soil, leo, agate beads and cloth eng. Only after such a complex ritual, would they cut off the head of the tiger and return to the village.
A group of young men to build a serious home for the tiger (table version), but this is not before a ritual is held by the village head of the tiger could be put in the house falls. The ritual held by the village for the inauguration of the house Tiger serious involves a goat, a pig and a chicken as offerings, which are placed on a tray, then the house falls. The prayer leader of the village would also follows: Since Giang Vo he wants to stay in the village, the villagers must be protected from death, when there is war between the village and other villages, Giang Vo must keep the village informed by dreams, as soon as possible and if someone tries to destroy or burn the village, Giang Vo must punish him. Local women and visitors from outside are not allowed to attend the ritual dedicated to the tiger's head. If a visitor from another village wishes to attend this ritual, the village chief must be informed and make a decision. Home tiger tomb is usually greater soil near the house of the man tombs, and no one is allowed to enter. It is surrounded by a stone fence. In the middle of the house is a stone which is placed on the head tiger. The house also contains a number of gifts from the villagers for the tiger: a bowl (for containing food), cuff, a piece horn eng fabric, buffalo and cow, pig's jaw that were prepared and contributed to education of the village chief. When the house is Rong inaugurated, where New Year celebrations and celebrations of new paddy held each year, a little food, including rice again, must be presented in the spirit of the tiger. The tomb of the tiger is visited and cleaned once a year by the villagers. Tigers are loved because people believe that the Tiger would have loved to keep them informed through dreams about these events as bad war, bad harvests and epidemics. In Laos, villages worshiped two heads of tigers.
Currently, only I Nham village tigers continues to worship custom. Ka Linh Ta Keu hamlets adored tigers when they were still located in Laos. We can say that since the end of the war anti-American, such a cult no longer reigns in the ethnic community Ta-oi. h) This magical love ethnological term refers to the practice of some ethnic minority groups who are skilled in the use of certain products inducing a girl and become one of his wife. The call Ta-oi this product as a drug OVE (nang). According to the Ta-oi, this is a resin collected from the feet of the bird o-tach, a bird with black plumage and red, like a parrot. If you put the resin in the basket of the shoulder a girl or in her hair, the girl follow you. But the bird only lives in Laos and tach o if the resin is only available in Laos, Vietnam not. Links External UNDP Vietnam See also List of ethnic groups in Vietnam dev ethnic groups in Laos by language family Vietic Bo Chut (May) Kinh Liha Maleng Muong Krih Phong Phon Sung (Aheu) Thavung Tum Lao-Tai Lao Lu Phuan Phu Thai Tai Daeng Saek (Red Tai) Tai Dam (Black Tai) Tai Maen Tai Na Alak Bit Brau Monhmer (Larvae) Bru Ca Tu Doi Kaleung Jeng Htin Kataang Keu Laven Lavy Khang Lamet Khmu Kuy Makong Mlabri Nghe Nyaheun O Du Oy Samtao PACOH (Kiorr) Sedang Sou Ta Oi Xinh Mun Talieng (Puoc) Yae (Jeh) Hmong Hmongao Lanten Yao Ho Chinese languages Tibeto-Burman Akha Hani Kado Kaduo Lahu Phana 'Phunoi Sila EVs ethnic groups in Vietnam by language family Vietic mg CH E Vi (Kinh) Kradas B YL Lo Thi Chay Sn Nung Gly Ty C. The Lao The Ch Ha Po Pu Dao Hmongao Monhmer P H'Mng Th Ba Bru Bru Na Ki-Vn Ch Co Ro Tu C C Gi Ho Hr Tring Khng M M Kh Khmer Mng M'Nng R u T m i X Xinh Mun Chinese Xting ng Hoa ngi Sn From Malayo-Polynesian Ru (NHM o ng Nam NGN) Chu Chm - Jarai Ra Glai Tibeto-Burman (NHM TNG) H Nh Cg Categories The HLLL If the Ph ved: Ethnic groups in Laos | Ethnic groups in Vietnam | Asian ethnic group stubsHidden categories: Articles that may contain original research from March 2009 | All articles that may contain original research
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